October 22nd, 2005

Pamphlet (genre 5)

Closed Head Injuries (CHI)


A Few Basic Facts about Brain Injuries:
There are two different types of brain injuries, closed head injuries and penetrating/open head injuries.  When a closed head injury occurs the skull remains intact, but during an open head injury the skull becomes fractured.  More information about closed head injuries will be found throughout this pamphlet.
  
Several Statistics about Brain Injuries:                                                  

In the United States every year there is an estimated:   

  • 1.4 million brain injuries that are sustained,      
  • 235,000 people are hospitalized and survive while around 50,000 die, and  
  • 80,000 to 90,000 people will have long-term or lifelong disability. 
There are also over 5 million people are living with a TBI-related disability in the United States today.        
                (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004)
What are the Main Causes of Brain Injuries?  
  • Motor Vehicle Accidents (number one) 
  • Accidental Falls
  • Assault
  • Sports Related

What are the Two Types of Closed Head Injuries?

Non-acceleration
The first type is a non-acceleration injury.  This type of brain injury occurs when a moving object hits a fixed head.  For this type of head injury to take place the head has to be fixed up against something, for example a wall or the floor. 

Acceleration/Deceleration
The second type of closed head injury is acceleration/ deceleration.  It occurs when a moveable object hits a moveable head, when a moveable head hits a stationary object, or when violent shaking occurs.  There are two subtypes of an acceleration/deceleration injury.  These include linear velocity and angular acceleration.  Linear velocity takes place when the brain moves in a straight line, and angular acceleration occurs when the brain rotates and twists on an angle.                             

What Parts of the Brain are at a Greater Risk when a Closed Head Injury is Sustained?

Anterior Temporal Lobe, Orbital Frontal Lobe, and Prefrontal Lobe are at a greater risk.

These three areas are at a higher risk because the inside of the skull is jagged around these locations.  Therefore, when a head injury is sustained, contusions, lacerations, and fractures can occur to these parts of the brain.  

What Types of Deficits can Occur after a Closed Head Injury is Sustained?     

  •     Memory     
  •     Behavioral
  •     Emotional 
  •     Social 
  •     Attention
  •     Cognitive
  •     Communication and Language
  •     Functional 
                    (Ohio State University Medical Center, 2005)

Skilled Professionals who are Might be a Part of the Recovery Process:     

  • Neurologist 
  • Speech Language Pathologist
  • Physical Therapist
  • Occupational Therapist
  • Psychologist/Psychiatrist
  • Rehabilitation Nurse
  • Social Worker
  • Recreation Therapist
                      (Ohio State University Medical Center, 2005)

References:

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2004). Traumatic Brain Inury (TBI): Incidence and Distribution. Retrieved Octorber 20, 2005, from http://www.cdc.gov/node.do/id/0900f3ec8000dbdc/aspectId/AS_A0400020

Ohio State University, Medical Center. (2005).Traumatic Brain Injury. Retrieved October 20, 2005, from http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthinformation/diseasesandconditions/rehabilitation/brain/
  
Posted by miller255 at 02:21 AM | 2 comments
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tutorang2
Comment posted on October 28th, 2005 at 02:38 PM
Voice: Clinician

Audience: general public

Sayback: This piece was written to give a basic explaination of traumatic brain injuries and thier leading causes.

Bless: I liked how the pamphlet was broken down into several small parts this makes it alot easier to read. I also liked how you covered the deficits caused by this type of injury.

Address: The only thing I saw was that you may not need the first paragraph because later on in the pamphlet you talk about the differences between the two types of TBI's again.
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Frazier34
Comment posted on October 28th, 2005 at 03:47 AM
Voice:
This piece is written in the voice of the clinician.

Audience:
This piece is written for the general public.

Sayback:
This piece was written to basically explain what a traumatic brain injury is. It explains the different types of TBI's, leading causes of them, statistics, deficits that may occur, and the professionals that may work with people who have sustained a
TBI. (that was kind of a long run on sentence :) sorry)

Bless:
I like that you gave the statistics and causes. Many of the leading causes are activities people are involved in all the time. I also like the way you broke the whole pamphlet up into small sections. It makes it easier to read.

Address:
The only thing I noticed is that the first paragraph may not be needed. Later in the pamphlet you explain what a closed head injury and open head injury are. Since its a short pamphlet you may not need it twice.
Reply to this comment